![]() All trauma patients should be evaluated utilizing Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) guidelines. However, through appropriate management, a secondary insult can be avoided and the patient’s outcome can be maximized. Unfortunately, the injury done to the brain at the time of the accident (initial insult) cannot be undone. The remainder of the chapter will outline the initial assessment/treatment/grading of injury severity, followed by a more focused neurologic evaluation of the trauma patient with significant attention to brain and spine injuries. Recognition of an abnormality on neurological examination can keep a treatable problem from becoming a catastrophic injury. Of the subgroup of blunt trauma patients with facial fractures, 79.4% (848 patients) suffered some form of brain injury by CT abnormality, clinical examination, or both.Ī brief neurologic examination is crucial in the evaluation of trauma patients. In one retrospective study, 14.6% of blunt trauma patients (1068 patients) were diagnosed with facial fractures. Patients with identified maxillofacial trauma are certainly more prone to neurologic injuries. While the majority of head injuries are classified as mild, 10% are moderate and 10% are severe. ![]() Diagnosis of GER and GERD.Head injury is a common problem, with about 500,000 cases reported yearly. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The clinical management of the gagging patient. Treatment: dysphagia (swallowing problems). GMS Curr Top Ortorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 13:doc07. Got GERD? Six GERD signs you shouldn't ignore. Dysphagia: evaluation and collaborative management. Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment. Tasmanian Government.Įachempati P, Kumbargere Nagraj S, Kiran Kumar Krishanappa S, George RP, Soe HHK, Karanth L. Know the difference between choking and gagging on food. Acupuncture - an effective tool in the management of gag reflex. StatPearls Publishing.Īnand MV, Rai R, Bettie NF, Ramachandiran H, Solomon, Praveena S. Or, they may use local anesthetic or conscious sedation for needed procedures. They may suggest measures to lower anxiety. Hyperactive gag reflex: Talk to your dentist or other oral health provider before a procedure.The person may also need to modify their diet to prevent gagging, such as switching to softer foods, pureed foods, or thickened liquids. Dysphagia: Swallowing therapy may be needed.Talk to a healthcare provider about over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications or surgery that may help. These include elevating the head of your bed, losing weight if overweight, quitting smoking, and avoiding foods and drinks that you find aggravate the condition. GERD: Lifestyle changes may help prevent episodes of acid reflux and gagging.Tonsillectomy surgery may be considered for chronic or repeated episodes. A bacterial infection may require antibiotics, while a viral infection won't be helped by antibiotics. Swollen tonsils or adenoids: Switch to softer foods and consider pain relievers appropriate for the person's age.
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